{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Dataset", "name": "CarryMaps U.S. Concealed Carry Law Dataset", "description": "Structured, source-cited reference data on concealed carry permit requirements, reciprocity posture, open carry, vehicle carry and minimum age for all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia.", "url": "https://carrymaps.com/", "license": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/terms.html", "creator": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "CarryMaps", "url": "https://carrymaps.com/" }, "isAccessibleForFree": true, "version": "2026-09", "_usage": "Free to cite with attribution to CarryMaps (https://carrymaps.com). Each record links to the official state statute and issuing agency. This is reference information, not legal advice.", "_fieldGuide": { "status": "permitless = no permit required to carry concealed; permit = licence required, shall-issue; restricted = licence required with extensive location limits and/or no reciprocity", "lastVerified": "YYYY-MM of the last independent verification against primary sources. Records not marked 2026-09 have not been re-verified this cycle.", "verified": "true = checked against the state's own statute or issuing agency in the stated month" }, "recordCount": 51, "states": [ { "name": "Alaska", "abbr": "AK", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Alaska Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed in vehicles without a permit.", "summary": "Alaska has allowed permitless carry since 2003, among the first states to do so.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since 2003", "Permit still available for out-of-state reciprocity", "Must not be prohibited from possessing firearms", "Open carry broadly permitted" ], "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 11.61.200", "statuteUrl": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp#11.61.200", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.dps.alaska.gov/Statewide/permittocarry", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/alaska.html" }, { "name": "Alabama", "abbr": "AL", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Alabama Pistol Permit", "minAge": 19, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitted in vehicles without a license.", "summary": "SB 1 signed by Gov. Ivey, effective January 1, 2023.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry effective January 1, 2023", "Minimum age 19 (lower than most states)", "Permits still available from county sheriff for reciprocity", "Open carry generally permitted" ], "statute": "Code of Alabama § 13A-11-73", "statuteUrl": "https://law.justia.com/codes/alabama/section-13a-11-73/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.alabamasheriffs.com/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/alabama.html" }, { "name": "Arizona", "abbr": "AZ", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Arizona Concealed Weapons Permit (CWP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitted in vehicles without a license.", "summary": "SB 1108 enacted 2010. No permit needed for eligible residents and visitors 21+.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since 2010", "Permit still available for reciprocity", "Open carry broadly permitted", "Must be 21+ and legally eligible" ], "statute": "Arizona Revised Statutes § 13-3112", "statuteUrl": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/13/03112.htm", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.azdps.gov/services/public/weapons", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/arizona.html" }, { "name": "Arkansas", "abbr": "AR", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Arkansas Concealed Handgun Carry License (CHCL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed in vehicles.", "summary": "Act 746 (2013) established the framework; expanded by SB 724 (2017).", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since 2013, expanded 2017", "Enhanced CHCL available for reciprocity", "Open carry generally permitted" ], "statute": "Arkansas Code Annotated § 5-73-120", "statuteUrl": "https://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.asp.arkansas.gov/programs-and-services/detail/concealed-handgun-licensing", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/arkansas.html" }, { "name": "California", "abbr": "CA", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "California CCW License", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "A CCW licence is required. Without one, handguns must be transported unloaded in a locked container.", "summary": "CCW licence required from the county sheriff or chief of police. SB 2 (2023, effective Jan 1 2024) removed the “good cause” test — California is shall-issue — but created the Penal Code § 26230 sensitive-places list. Much of that list is enjoined; the private-property default rule at § 26230(a)(26) is dead after Wolford v. Lopez (June 25, 2026), which was consolidated with the California appeals at the Ninth Circuit.", "keyPoints": [ "SHALL-ISSUE since SB 2 (2023) removed “good cause”, effective Jan 1 2024", "Private-property default rule (§ 26230(a)(26)) enjoined and foreclosed by Wolford v. Lopez (2026)", "Injunction UPHELD (carry permitted) for medical facilities, public transit, public gatherings, places of worship, financial institutions and their parking areas", "Restrictions IN EFFECT for public parks, bars and restaurants serving alcohol, and their adjacent parking", "§ 26230 carries no penalty of its own, but violations risk licence revocation and charges under §§ 25400 / 25850" ], "statute": "California Penal Code §§ 25400–26050; § 26230", "statuteUrl": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PEN§ionNum=26230", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://oag.ca.gov/firearms", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/california.html" }, { "name": "Colorado", "abbr": "CO", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Colorado Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "CHP required for concealed carry in vehicle.", "summary": "Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP) required, issued by county sheriff.", "keyPoints": [ "Permit required from county sheriff", "Shall-issue to qualified applicants", "Denver and some cities have additional restrictions", "Open carry permitted except certain municipalities" ], "statute": "Colorado Revised Statutes § 18-12-203", "statuteUrl": "https://leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/images/olls/crs2022-title-18.pdf", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/cbi/concealed-handgun-permits", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/colorado.html" }, { "name": "Connecticut", "abbr": "CT", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Connecticut State Pistol Permit", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Pistol permit required. Under § 29-38g, a pistol left in an UNATTENDED vehicle must be in the trunk, a locked safe or a locked glove box.", "summary": "State Pistol Permit required. Apply through local police chief, then State Police SLFU. Open carry was banned effective Oct 1, 2023 by Public Act 23-53 — Connecticut is now concealed-only for permit holders. Connecticut recognizes NO out-of-state permits.", "keyPoints": [ "Permit required — apply to local police chief, then State Police SLFU", "Open carry BANNED since Oct 1, 2023 (PA 23-53); intentional public display is an offense", "Connecticut honors NO out-of-state permits — non-residents need a CT non-resident permit from DESPP", "Permit valid 5 years", "PA 23-53 added two required safety certificates (safe storage; lawful use and carry in public)" ], "statute": "Connecticut General Statutes § 29-35", "statuteUrl": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_529.htm", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://portal.ct.gov/DESPP/Division-of-State-Police/Special-Licensing-and-Firearms", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/connecticut.html" }, { "name": "Delaware", "abbr": "DE", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Delaware Concealed Deadly Weapon License (CDWL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "License required to carry concealed in a vehicle.", "summary": "Concealed Deadly Weapon License (CDWL) required, applied for through the Prothonotary of Superior Court. Delaware is MAY-issue — the court has discretion and judges “good moral character”. The application must be published in a local newspaper before filing.", "keyPoints": [ "MAY-issue — Superior Court has discretion; not an entitlement even if you qualify", "Application must be PUBLISHED in a county newspaper at least 10 business days before filing, with a newspaper affidavit attached", "Five references from residents of your county required", "Live-fire training course required", "Initial license valid 3 years; renewals 5 years", "Delaware residents must hold a Delaware CDWL — an out-of-state permit does not suffice", "Reciprocity limited to the Attorney General’s annual recognized-state list" ], "statute": "Delaware Code Title 11 § 1441", "statuteUrl": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c005/sc07/index.html", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://courts.delaware.gov/", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/delaware.html" }, { "name": "Florida", "abbr": "FL", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Florida Concealed Weapon License (CWL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry applies in vehicles. Firearms may be securely encased.", "summary": "HB 543 signed by Gov. DeSantis, effective July 1, 2023. Florida CWL still available for reciprocity. Open carry is currently treated as lawful following McDaniels v. State (Fla. 1st DCA, Sept. 10, 2025) and AG non-enforcement guidance (Sept. 15, 2025) — the Legislature has not repealed § 790.053 itself, so verify current status before relying on this.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry effective July 1, 2023 (HB 543)", "CWL still available — needed to carry in many reciprocity states", "Open carry currently treated as lawful per McDaniels v. State (2025) and AG guidance — not yet codified by the Legislature, still subject to change", "Must be 21+ and legally eligible to possess a firearm" ], "statute": "Chapter 790, Florida Statutes", "statuteUrl": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2023/Chapter790", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.fdacs.gov/Consumer-Resources/Concealed-Weapon-License", "lastVerified": "2026-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/florida.html" }, { "name": "Georgia", "abbr": "GA", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Georgia Weapons Carry License (WCL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed without a license.", "summary": "HB 1482, \"Georgia Constitutional Carry Act,\" signed by Gov. Kemp, effective April 12, 2022.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since April 12, 2022", "WCL still available for reciprocity in other states", "Must be 21+ (18+ with active military ID)", "Open carry generally permitted with valid WCL" ], "statute": "Official Code of Georgia Annotated § 16-11-126", "statuteUrl": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://dps.georgia.gov/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/georgia.html" }, { "name": "Hawaii", "abbr": "HI", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Hawaii License to Carry (county-issued)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "Without a Hawaii License to Carry, a pistol may be transported only unloaded, in an enclosed container, between specified lawful locations.", "summary": "License to Carry required from the county chief of police. Act 52 (2023) converted Hawaii from may-issue to SHALL-issue effective Jan 1, 2024, while adding an extensive sensitive-places list. Licenses are issued to Hawaii RESIDENTS ONLY — non-residents are categorically ineligible, and Hawaii recognizes no out-of-state permit. The private-property default rule was struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court in Wolford v. Lopez (June 25, 2026).", "keyPoints": [ "SHALL-ISSUE since Act 52 (2023), effective Jan 1, 2024 — the old “exceptional case” test is gone", "Hawaii RESIDENTS ONLY — non-residents cannot obtain a licence and no out-of-state permit is recognized", "U.S. Supreme Court struck Hawaii’s private-property default rule 6–3 in Wolford v. Lopez (June 25, 2026)", "Bringing a firearm into Hawaii requires registration with county police within 5 days, with physical inspection", "Act 52 sensitive-places list (§ 134-9.1) remains extensive: parks, beaches, transit, bars, hospitals, banks, government buildings", "Licence valid 4 years; proficiency test required" ], "statute": "Hawaii Revised Statutes § 134-9", "statuteUrl": "https://law.justia.com/codes/hawaii/title-10/chapter-134/section-134-9/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.honolulupd.org/information/firearms-unit/", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/hawaii.html" }, { "name": "Idaho", "abbr": "ID", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Idaho Enhanced Concealed Carry License", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry in vehicles for eligible Idaho residents.", "summary": "Permitless carry for Idaho residents 21+ since 2016; expanded to all residents 18+ in 2020.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry for ID residents 18+", "Non-residents must have valid permit from home state", "Enhanced license available for reciprocity", "Open carry broadly permitted" ], "statute": "Idaho Code § 18-3302", "statuteUrl": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title18/T18CH33/SECT18-3302/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://isp.idaho.gov/concealedweapons/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/idaho.html" }, { "name": "Illinois", "abbr": "IL", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Illinois FOID Card + Concealed Carry License (CCL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "CCL required. Without CCL, firearm must be unloaded, enclosed in a case.", "summary": "Both a FOID card AND a Concealed Carry License (CCL) are required. Mandatory 16-hour training.", "keyPoints": [ "FOID card required first (separate application)", "CCL requires 16-hour mandatory training", "Many sensitive locations in Chicago and statewide", "Open carry not permitted in incorporated areas" ], "statute": "430 ILCS 66 (Firearm Concealed Carry Act)", "statuteUrl": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=3497", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.ispfsb.com/Public/CCL.aspx", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/illinois.html" }, { "name": "Indiana", "abbr": "IN", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": null, "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry in vehicles for legally eligible residents.", "summary": "HEA 1296 signed by Gov. Holcomb, effective July 1, 2022. Indiana eliminated its handgun license program.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since July 1, 2022", "Indiana eliminated its handgun license program entirely", "Must be 18+ and not prohibited from possessing firearms", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "Indiana Code § 35-47-2", "statuteUrl": "https://iga.in.gov/laws/2022/ic/titles/35#35-47-2", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.in.gov/isp/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/indiana.html" }, { "name": "Iowa", "abbr": "IA", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Iowa Permit to Carry Weapons (PCW)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry applies in vehicles.", "summary": "SF 535 signed by Gov. Reynolds, effective July 1, 2021.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry effective July 1, 2021", "PCW still available for reciprocity", "Must be 21+ for permitless carry", "Open carry generally permitted" ], "statute": "Iowa Code § 724.4", "statuteUrl": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/law/iowaCode/sections?codeChapter=724", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.iowasheriffs.org/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/iowa.html" }, { "name": "Kansas", "abbr": "KS", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Kansas Concealed Carry License (CCL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry in vehicles.", "summary": "Effective July 1, 2015. Any eligible resident may carry without a license.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since July 1, 2015", "CCL available for reciprocity", "Open carry broadly permitted", "Must be 21+ and legally eligible" ], "statute": "Kansas Statutes Annotated § 75-7c03", "statuteUrl": "https://kslegislature.org/li/b2023_24/statute/075_000_0000_chapter/075_007c_0000_article/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://ag.ks.gov/licensing/concealed-carry", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/kansas.html" }, { "name": "Kentucky", "abbr": "KY", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Kentucky CCDW License", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry allowed in vehicles.", "summary": "SB 150 signed by Gov. Bevin, effective June 27, 2019.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since June 27, 2019", "CCDW license available for reciprocity", "Must be 21+ and legally eligible", "Open carry broadly permitted" ], "statute": "Kentucky Revised Statutes § 237.110", "statuteUrl": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=45218", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://kentuckystatepolice.org/ccdw/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/kentucky.html" }, { "name": "Louisiana", "abbr": "LA", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Louisiana Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP)", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed without permit.", "summary": "SB 1 (Act 1 of the 2024 Second Extraordinary Session), signed by Gov. Landry March 5, 2024, effective July 4, 2024. Verified against the enrolled bill text on legis.la.gov.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry effective July 4, 2024 (SB 1 / Act 1, 2024 2nd Extraordinary Session)", "Any person 18+ not prohibited from possessing a firearm may carry concealed", "CHP still available — needed for reciprocity in other states", "New Orleans French Quarter Management District requires a permit — permitless carry does NOT apply there (SB 419)", "Louisiana honors all valid out-of-state permits" ], "statute": "La. R.S. 14:95 and 40:1379.3", "statuteUrl": "https://www.legis.la.gov/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.dps.louisiana.gov/", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/louisiana.html" }, { "name": "Maine", "abbr": "ME", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Maine Permit to Carry Concealed Firearm", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed without permit.", "summary": "LD 652 signed by Gov. LePage, effective October 15, 2015.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since October 15, 2015", "Permit available for reciprocity purposes", "Must be 21+ and legally eligible", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "Maine Revised Statutes Title 25 § 2001-A", "statuteUrl": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/25/title25sec2001-A.html", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.maine.gov/dps/msp/licenses-permits/concealed-firearms-permits", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/maine.html" }, { "name": "Maryland", "abbr": "MD", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Maryland Wear and Carry Permit (WCP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "Permit required for a loaded handgun in a vehicle. Without a permit, transport unloaded in an enclosed case, separate from ammunition, travelling directly between lawful locations.", "summary": "Wear and Carry Permit (WCP) required for ALL public carry, concealed or open. Maryland became shall-issue after Bruen (2022), but the Gun Safety Act of 2023 (SB 1) added an extensive sensitive-places list. Maryland recognizes NO out-of-state permits and has no statutory authority to enter reciprocity agreements.", "keyPoints": [ "Shall-issue since Bruen (2022) — no “good and substantial reason” requirement remains", "16-hour training course including live fire required", "Maryland honors NO out-of-state permits — there is no reciprocity list", "Permit covers CONCEALED carry only; open carry is unlawful even with a permit", "Gun Safety Act of 2023 (SB 1) sensitive-places list is extensive and partly litigated" ], "statute": "Maryland Code, Public Safety Article § 5-306", "statuteUrl": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=gps§ion=5-306", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://mdsp.maryland.gov/Organization/Pages/CriminalInvestigationBureau/LicensingDivision/Firearms/HandgunPermit.aspx", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/maryland.html" }, { "name": "Massachusetts", "abbr": "MA", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Massachusetts License to Carry (LTC)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "An LTC is required. Chapter 135 tightened vehicle storage rules — for some offenses the licence is only a defence if the firearm is securely stored per §§ 131C and 131L.", "summary": "License to Carry (LTC) required from the local police chief. Chapter 135 of the Acts of 2024 (“An Act Modernizing Firearm Laws”) eliminated the Class A/Class B distinction, creating a single unified LTC, and expanded sensitive-place and vehicle-storage rules. Massachusetts recognizes NO out-of-state licenses.", "keyPoints": [ "Single unified LTC since Chapter 135 (2024) — the old Class A / Class B split is gone", "Issued by the local police chief; 21+; personal interview required on initial application; valid up to 6 years", "Enhanced Basic Firearms Safety course with mandatory LIVE FIRE took effect April 2, 2026; those licensed on Aug 1, 2024 are exempt at renewal", "Massachusetts honors NO out-of-state licenses — non-residents need a temporary MA LTC under § 131F from the State Police", "Carrying without a licence is a felony with an 18-month mandatory minimum" ], "statute": "Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 140 § 131", "statuteUrl": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXX/Chapter140/Section131", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.mass.gov/how-to/apply-for-a-license-to-carry-firearms-ltc", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/massachusetts.html" }, { "name": "Michigan", "abbr": "MI", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Michigan Concealed Pistol License (CPL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "A CPL is required to carry a loaded pistol in a vehicle. Without one: unloaded, in a closed case designed for firearms, not readily accessible.", "summary": "Concealed Pistol License (CPL) required, issued by the county clerk. Shall-issue, 21+. Michigan recognizes out-of-state permits only for NON-RESIDENTS who hold a licence from their own state of residence — residents of permitless-carry states with no home-state permit cannot rely on it. New Michigan residents must live in the state 6 months before applying, and an out-of-state permit stops working once residency is established.", "keyPoints": [ "CPL required — shall-issue from the county clerk; carrying concealed without one is a felony (MCL 750.227)", "DUTY TO INFORM: you must immediately tell an officer you are carrying and hold a CPL — failure is a civil infraction plus a 6-month suspension", "Reciprocity covers non-residents with a home-state licence only, and only pistols they personally own", "New residents must wait 6 months before applying — and their old permit is void once they become residents", "Open carry lawful at 18+ without a CPL, but a resident’s handgun must be registered to them", "Pistol-Free Zones apply; Michigan has Stand Your Ground" ], "statute": "MCL 28.425b (CPL); MCL 750.227 (carrying concealed); MCL 28.432a (reciprocity)", "statuteUrl": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-28-425b", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.michigan.gov/msp/services/ccw", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/michigan.html" }, { "name": "Minnesota", "abbr": "MN", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Minnesota Permit to Carry (PTC)", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Valid PTC required for loaded carry in vehicle.", "summary": "Permit to Carry (PTC) required, issued by county sheriff. Minnesota must issue to applicants 18–20 following Worth v. Jacobson (8th Cir. 2024); the Supreme Court denied review April 21, 2025. The 21+ language in § 624.714(2)(b)(2) remains in the statute but is permanently enjoined and unenforceable.", "keyPoints": [ "PTC required from county sheriff; shall-issue", "18–20 year-olds are eligible since Worth v. Jacobson — court-ordered, not a legislative change", "Training certificate from a certified instructor required", "MN DPS expanded reciprocity to 33 states following the ruling" ], "statute": "Minnesota Statutes § 624.714", "statuteUrl": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/624.714", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/Pages/Firearms.aspx", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/minnesota.html" }, { "name": "Mississippi", "abbr": "MS", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Mississippi Standard Firearms Permit (SFP) / Enhanced (E-SFP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed in vehicles.", "summary": "Permitless carry took effect April 15, 2016, but it is narrower than most states: it covers carry in a sheath, belt holster or shoulder holster only. Other concealed methods (e.g. ankle holster, no holster) still require a permit. The statute sets no minimum age for permitless concealed carry; MS DPS advises 21.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry effective April 15, 2016", "IMPORTANT: only covers a sheath, belt holster or shoulder holster — other concealed carry methods still require a permit", "Statute sets no minimum age; MS DPS advises 21+ for permitless concealed carry", "Two permit tiers: Standard (SFP) and Enhanced (E-SFP); Enhanced requires training and opens most restricted locations", "Open carry permitted in a holster without a permit" ], "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 97-37-1 and § 45-9-101", "statuteUrl": "https://law.justia.com/codes/mississippi/chapter-97-37/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.dps.ms.gov/firearm-permit-unit", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/mississippi.html" }, { "name": "Missouri", "abbr": "MO", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Missouri Concealed Carry Permit (CCP)", "minAge": 19, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitted in vehicles.", "summary": "HB 1468, effective January 1, 2017.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since January 1, 2017", "Minimum age 19", "CCP available for reciprocity", "Some municipalities may have additional ordinances" ], "statute": "Missouri Revised Statutes § 571.030", "statuteUrl": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.030", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.mshp.dps.missouri.gov/MSHPWeb/PatrolDivisions/CID/ConceledCarry/index.html", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/missouri.html" }, { "name": "Montana", "abbr": "MT", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Montana Concealed Weapons Permit (CWP)", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed without permit.", "summary": "SB 154 signed by Gov. Gianforte, effective February 18, 2021.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since February 18, 2021", "CWP available for reciprocity", "Open carry broadly permitted", "Must be 18+ and legally eligible" ], "statute": "Montana Code Annotated § 45-8-321", "statuteUrl": "https://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0030/section_0210/0450-0080-0030-0210.html", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://dojmt.gov/enforcement/concealed-weapon-permit/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/montana.html" }, { "name": "Nebraska", "abbr": "NE", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Nebraska Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry in vehicles allowed.", "summary": "LB 77 signed by Gov. Pillen, effective September 10, 2023.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry effective September 10, 2023", "CHP still available for reciprocity", "Must be 21+ and legally eligible", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "Nebraska Revised Statutes § 69-2427", "statuteUrl": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=69-2427", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://statepatrol.nebraska.gov/concealed-handgun", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/nebraska.html" }, { "name": "Nevada", "abbr": "NV", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Nevada Concealed Firearm Permit (CFP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "A permit is required for concealed carry in a vehicle. Open carry needs no permit.", "summary": "Concealed Firearm Permit required, issued by the sheriff of your county of residence. Shall-issue, 21+. Nevada honors permits only from states on the DPS list prepared under NRS 202.3689, and that list changes more often than most — Michigan recognition was dropped in October 2025. New residents have 60 days to obtain a Nevada permit before an out-of-state permit stops working.", "keyPoints": [ "Permit from the sheriff of your county of residence; valid 5 years", "8-hour course with live-fire qualification required (4-hour for renewal) — must be a Nevada-certified instructor, out-of-state certificates are NOT accepted", "60-DAY RULE: after becoming a Nevada resident you must obtain a Nevada permit within 60 days or your out-of-state permit stops working here", "Nevada dropped recognition of Michigan permits in October 2025; Oklahoma was restored in January 2025", "Carrying concealed without a valid permit is a category C felony", "Revolver/semi-automatic distinction eliminated — one permit now covers all handguns", "Open carry lawful without a permit or registration" ], "statute": "NRS 202.3653–202.369; NRS 202.3689 (reciprocity list)", "statuteUrl": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-202.html", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.rccd.nv.gov/", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/nevada.html" }, { "name": "New Hampshire", "abbr": "NH", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "New Hampshire Pistol/Revolver License", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed without permit.", "summary": "SB 12 signed by Gov. Sununu, effective February 22, 2017.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since February 22, 2017", "License available for NH residents for out-of-state reciprocity", "Must be 18+ and legally eligible", "Open carry broadly permitted" ], "statute": "New Hampshire RSA 159:4", "statuteUrl": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/NHTOC/NHTOC-XII-159.htm", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.nh.gov/safety/divisions/nhsp/troop-operations/permits-licensing/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/new-hampshire.html" }, { "name": "New Jersey", "abbr": "NJ", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "New Jersey Permit to Carry a Handgun (PCH)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "Without a carry permit, transport unloaded in a locked container, separate from ammunition, travelling directly between lawful locations.", "summary": "Permit to Carry a Handgun required. Chapter 131 (2022) removed the old “justifiable need” test — the permit itself is now shall-issue — but created ~25 categories of sensitive places plus a presumption against carry on private property. Those location rules are under active en banc review in Koons v. Davenport; the district court injunction governs in the meantime. Verify before carrying.", "keyPoints": [ "Permit is SHALL-ISSUE since Chapter 131 removed “justifiable need” — the difficulty is where you may carry, not getting the permit", "~25 sensitive-place categories under Chapter 131; private property is presumptively off-limits without owner consent", "Location rules are in active federal litigation (Koons v. Davenport, 3rd Cir. en banc) — the Sept 2025 panel opinion was VACATED and is no longer law", "New Jersey honors NO out-of-state carry permits", "Enforceable boundaries can change on short notice — confirm before carrying" ], "statute": "New Jersey Statutes 2C:58-4", "statuteUrl": "https://law.justia.com/codes/new-jersey/title-2c/section-2c-58-4/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.njsp.org/firearms/", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/new-jersey.html" }, { "name": "New Mexico", "abbr": "NM", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "New Mexico Concealed Handgun License (CHL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "NO licence required to carry a loaded handgun, concealed or open, in a vehicle. The CHL requirement applies to carrying concealed on foot.", "summary": "Concealed Handgun License required from NM DPS for carrying concealed ON FOOT. Shall-issue, 21+, but the licence is unusually specific: it names the CATEGORY and CALIBER of handgun you qualified with, and you may carry only ONE concealed handgun at a time. No licence is needed to carry in a vehicle, or to open carry at 19+.", "keyPoints": [ "CHL from NM DPS — shall-issue, 21+, valid 4 years (5 for military)", "CALIBER-SPECIFIC: the licence covers only the category and caliber you qualified with", "Only ONE concealed handgun may be carried at a time", "15-hour training course with live-fire qualification required", "No licence needed for vehicle carry, or for open carry at 19+", "No non-resident licences except military stationed in NM and dependents", "Reciprocity covers RESIDENT permits only — non-resident permits from other states are generally not honored", "7-day waiting period on most firearm transfers (HB 129, effective May 2024)" ], "statute": "NMSA § 29-19-4 (CHL); § 30-7-2 (carrying concealed)", "statuteUrl": "https://law.justia.com/codes/new-mexico/chapter-29/article-19/section-29-19-4/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.dps.nm.gov/public-safety/special-investigations/concealed-carry/", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/new-mexico.html" }, { "name": "New York", "abbr": "NY", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "New York Pistol License (NYPL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "A pistol licence is required. Without one, handguns must be transported unloaded in a locked container.", "summary": "Pistol Licence required; NYC licenses separately and more strictly. The CCIA (2022) created an extensive sensitive-locations list. Its private-property “default no-carry” rule was struck down by the Second Circuit in Christian v. James (May 18, 2026) and is foreclosed by Wolford v. Lopez (June 25, 2026). The parks, transit and Times Square restrictions remain in force.", "keyPoints": [ "Pistol Licence required; NYC has separate, stricter licensing", "CCIA private-property “vampire rule” STRUCK DOWN — Christian v. James (2d Cir., May 18 2026), reinforced by Wolford v. Lopez", "16 hours classroom + 2 hours live-fire training required — upheld in Antonyuk and unaffected by Wolford", "Public parks ban UPHELD against facial challenge in Christian v. James", "Transit and Times Square restrictions remain — Schoenthal certiorari denied April 6, 2026" ], "statute": "New York Penal Law Article 400; Penal Law § 265.01-e", "statuteUrl": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/265.01-E", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://firearms.troopers.ny.gov/", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/new-york.html" }, { "name": "North Carolina", "abbr": "NC", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "North Carolina Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Open carry in vehicle permitted. CHP required for concealed carry in vehicle.", "summary": "Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP) required, issued by county sheriff.", "keyPoints": [ "CHP from county sheriff required", "Shall-issue to qualified applicants", "8-hour training course required", "Open carry without permit permitted in most areas" ], "statute": "North Carolina General Statutes § 14-415.10", "statuteUrl": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByArticle/Chapter_14/Article_54B.html", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.ncsbi.gov/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/north-carolina.html" }, { "name": "North Dakota", "abbr": "ND", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "North Dakota Class 1 or Class 2 Firearm License", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry for ND residents in vehicles.", "summary": "SB 2367, effective August 1, 2017. Applies to ND residents only; non-residents must have a valid permit.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry for ND RESIDENTS ONLY", "Non-residents must have valid permit from home state", "License available for reciprocity", "Must be 18+ and legally eligible" ], "statute": "North Dakota Century Code § 62.1-04-02", "statuteUrl": "https://www.legis.nd.gov/cencode/t62-1c04.pdf", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.ag.nd.gov/BCI/Firearms/Firearms.html", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/north-dakota.html" }, { "name": "Ohio", "abbr": "OH", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Ohio Concealed Handgun License (CHL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry in vehicles for legally eligible Ohio residents.", "summary": "SB 215 signed by Gov. DeWine, effective June 13, 2022.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since June 13, 2022", "CHL still available for reciprocity", "Must be 21+ and legally eligible", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "Ohio Revised Code § 2923.12", "statuteUrl": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-2923.12", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Business/Services-for-Businesses/Concealed-Carry", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/ohio.html" }, { "name": "Oklahoma", "abbr": "OK", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Oklahoma Self-Defense Act License (SDA)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry in vehicles.", "summary": "HB 2597 signed by Gov. Stitt, effective November 1, 2019.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since November 1, 2019", "SDA license available for reciprocity", "Must be 21+ (18+ active duty military)", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "Oklahoma Statutes Title 21 § 1289.24", "statuteUrl": "https://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=139884", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.ok.gov/osbi/Handguns/index.html", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/oklahoma.html" }, { "name": "Oregon", "abbr": "OR", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Oregon Concealed Handgun License (CHL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "A CHL is required for concealed carry in a vehicle.", "summary": "Concealed Handgun License required, issued by the county sheriff. Shall-issue, 21+. Ballot Measure 114 (permit-to-purchase and a 10-round magazine limit) passed in 2022 but has never taken effect — it remains blocked pending an Oregon Supreme Court ruling argued in November 2025. Open carry is lawful at 18+ statewide, but Oregon lets cities and counties ban loaded open carry, and several major cities do.", "keyPoints": [ "CHL from your county sheriff — shall-issue, 21+", "Measure 114 has NEVER taken effect — blocked since 2022 and awaiting an Oregon Supreme Court decision", "SB 243 (2025) criminalised rapid-fire activators (Class B felony) and reset Measure 114’s date; later legislation pushed it further out", "Open carry lawful at 18+, BUT Portland, Salem, Beaverton and Tigard require a CHL to open carry loaded", "A CHL exempts the holder from several local loaded-carry ordinances — a real practical reason to hold one" ], "statute": "ORS § 166.291 (CHL); § 166.250 (unlawful possession)", "statuteUrl": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.oregon.gov/osp/programs/cjis/pages/firearms-unit.aspx", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/oregon.html" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania", "abbr": "PA", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Pennsylvania License to Carry Firearms (LTCF)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "LTCF required for loaded, accessible firearm in a vehicle.", "summary": "License to Carry Firearms (LTCF) required, issued by county sheriff or Philadelphia PD.", "keyPoints": [ "LTCF from county sheriff (or Philadelphia PD)", "No required training to apply for LTCF", "Shall-issue to qualified applicants", "Open carry broadly permitted except Philadelphia (requires LTCF)" ], "statute": "Pennsylvania Uniform Firearms Act, 18 Pa. C.S. § 6109", "statuteUrl": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/LI/consCheck.cfm?txtType=HTM&ttl=18&div=0&chpt=61", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.psp.pa.gov/firearms/Pages/Licenses-to-Carry-Firearms.aspx", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/pennsylvania.html" }, { "name": "Rhode Island", "abbr": "RI", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "RI License to Carry (local § 11-47-11 or AG § 11-47-18)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "A permit is required for a loaded handgun in a vehicle. Narrow exception: a holder of a valid out-of-state permit merely transporting through Rhode Island to another state is exempt under § 11-47-8.", "summary": "Rhode Island runs a DUAL permit system. Local city/town authorities “shall issue” a concealed-carry license under § 11-47-11 to qualified, suitable applicants 21+ with no showing of need. The Attorney General separately “may issue” under § 11-47-18 upon a proper showing of need — and only the AG license authorizes OPEN carry.", "keyPoints": [ "Dual system: local authorities SHALL issue (§ 11-47-11); the AG MAY issue on showing of need (§ 11-47-18)", "Open carry requires an AG-issued license — local licenses are concealed-only", "Local licenses valid 4 years; three notarized references and a live-fire qualification required", "Non-residents may apply locally if they hold a permit from another state; the AG may issue to non-residents without one", "RI does not honor out-of-state permits for carry — only for merely transporting through" ], "statute": "Rhode Island General Laws § 11-47-11 and § 11-47-18", "statuteUrl": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE11/11-47/11-47-11.htm", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://riag.ri.gov/about-our-office/divisions-and-units/bureau-criminal-identification-bci/pistol-permits", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/rhode-island.html" }, { "name": "South Carolina", "abbr": "SC", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "South Carolina Concealed Weapons Permit (CWP)", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitted in vehicles.", "summary": "H 3594 signed by Gov. McMaster, effective immediately upon signing on March 7, 2024 — confirmed directly against SLED’s own Constitutional Carry Guidance memo to law enforcement.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry effective March 7, 2024 (H 3594)", "CWP still available for reciprocity", "Open carry permitted statewide, effective immediately with the same law" ], "statute": "South Carolina Code § 16-23-20", "statuteUrl": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.sled.sc.gov/CWP.aspx", "lastVerified": "2026-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/south-carolina.html" }, { "name": "South Dakota", "abbr": "SD", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "South Dakota Permit to Carry", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed in vehicles.", "summary": "Effective January 1, 2019.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since January 1, 2019", "Enhanced and Gold Card permits available for out-of-state reciprocity", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "South Dakota Codified Laws § 22-14-9", "statuteUrl": "https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/22-14", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://dci.sd.gov/Permits/ConceledCarry.aspx", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/south-dakota.html" }, { "name": "Tennessee", "abbr": "TN", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Tennessee Enhanced Handgun Carry Permit (EHCP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitless carry in vehicles.", "summary": "HB 786 signed by Gov. Lee, effective April 8, 2021.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since April 8, 2021", "Enhanced and Concealed permits still available", "Must be 21+ (18+ active duty military)", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "Tennessee Code Annotated § 39-17-1307", "statuteUrl": "https://www.tn.gov/lawlibrarytn/statutes.html", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.tn.gov/safety/driver-services/handgun-permits.html", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/tennessee.html" }, { "name": "Texas", "abbr": "TX", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Texas License to Carry (LTC)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Firearms may be kept in plain view or concealed in a motor vehicle without a license.", "summary": "HB 1927 signed by Gov. Abbott, effective September 1, 2021.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since September 1, 2021", "LTC still widely used for reciprocity in other states", "Open carry of handguns permitted", "Must be 21+ and not prohibited from possessing firearms" ], "statute": "Texas Penal Code § 46.02; Texas Gov. Code Ch. 411", "statuteUrl": "https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/PE/htm/PE.46.htm", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.dps.texas.gov/section/handgun-licensing", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/texas.html" }, { "name": "Utah", "abbr": "UT", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Utah Concealed Firearm Permit (CFP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Permitted in vehicles.", "summary": "HB 60 signed by Gov. Herbert, effective May 5, 2021. Utah permits are honored in many states.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since May 5, 2021", "Utah CFP honored in many states — popular for reciprocity", "Must be 21+ and legally eligible", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "Utah Code § 76-10-504", "statuteUrl": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title76/Chapter10/76-10-S504.html", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://bci.utah.gov/concealed-firearm/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/utah.html" }, { "name": "Vermont", "abbr": "VT", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": null, "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "No permit required.", "summary": "Vermont has never required a permit to carry. Known as \"Vermont Carry.\" No state permit is issued.", "keyPoints": [ "Vermont has NEVER required a permit to carry", "Known as \"Vermont Carry\" — the original constitutional carry", "No state permit is issued (no out-of-state reciprocity benefit)", "Must carry for lawful purposes only" ], "statute": "Vermont Statutes Title 13 § 4003", "statuteUrl": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/13/085/04003", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.vsp.vermont.gov/", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/vermont.html" }, { "name": "Virginia", "abbr": "VA", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Virginia Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "CHP required to carry loaded and concealed in a vehicle.", "summary": "Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP) required, issued by circuit court of applicant's county or city.", "keyPoints": [ "CHP from circuit court of residence", "Shall-issue to qualified applicants", "Training/competency documentation required", "Open carry broadly permitted without a permit" ], "statute": "Code of Virginia § 18.2-308", "statuteUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/18.2-308/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.vsp.virginia.gov/Firearms_CHP.shtm", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/virginia.html" }, { "name": "Washington", "abbr": "WA", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Washington Concealed Pistol License (CPL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "A CPL is required for a loaded handgun in a vehicle. Without one it must be unloaded and in a closed opaque case or secure wrapper.", "summary": "Concealed Pistol License required, issued by your local police department or county sheriff. Shall-issue, 21+, and available to residents AND non-residents. Washington’s reciprocity is unusually narrow — RCW 9.41.073 imposes a three-part test that only about 10 states satisfy. HB 1163 adds a permit-to-purchase regime phasing in from late 2026.", "keyPoints": [ "CPL from local police or sheriff — shall-issue, 21+, issued to residents and non-residents", "Reciprocity recognized with only about 10 states — the other state must recognize WA licences, not issue under 21, and require fingerprint-based background checks", "A CPL is required to transport a LOADED handgun in a vehicle, open or concealed", "Open carry lawful at 21+ without a licence, but banned at the Capitol, legislative offices and hearings, and within 250 feet of a permitted demonstration", "CPL covers pistols only — concealed carry of other firearms is not authorised", "Sensitive-place list expanded repeatedly: SB 5444 (2025) added libraries, zoos, aquariums and transit; SB 5098 (2026) added parks, playgrounds and swimming areas", "HB 1163 permit-to-purchase: act effective Nov 1 2026, purchase-permit requirement operative May 1 2027 — verify the current phase" ], "statute": "RCW 9.41.050 / 9.41.070 (CPL); RCW 9.41.073 (reciprocity)", "statuteUrl": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9.41.070", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.atg.wa.gov/concealed-pistol-license-reciprocity", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/washington.html" }, { "name": "West Virginia", "abbr": "WV", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "West Virginia Concealed Handgun License (CHL)", "minAge": 18, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed without permit.", "summary": "SB 347 signed by Gov. Tomblin, effective May 26, 2016 (established permitless carry 21+). HB 4106, signed by Gov. Morrisey April 1, 2026 and effective June 12, 2026, lowered the minimum age to 18, repealing the separate provisional-license requirement that had applied to 18–20 year olds.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since May 26, 2016", "Minimum age lowered from 21 to 18 by HB 4106, effective June 12, 2026", "CHL available for out-of-state reciprocity (may still require 21 — verify with WVSP)", "Open carry permitted" ], "statute": "West Virginia Code § 61-7-7", "statuteUrl": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/61-7-7/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.wvsp.gov/law-enforcement/Pages/ConcealedWeapons.aspx", "lastVerified": "2026-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/west-virginia.html" }, { "name": "Wisconsin", "abbr": "WI", "status": "permit", "permitless": false, "permitName": "Wisconsin CCW License", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "CCW license required for a loaded, concealed handgun within reach in a vehicle.", "summary": "Concealed Carry Weapon (CCW) License required, issued by WI Dept. of Justice. Wisconsin residents must hold a Wisconsin license — an out-of-state permit does NOT authorize a WI resident to carry concealed in Wisconsin. Licenses are issued only to residents and military stationed in the state.", "keyPoints": [ "CCW license from WI DOJ; shall-issue, 21+, valid 5 years", "Training required but the statute sets NO minimum hours — several routes qualify (hunter safety, certified instructor course, military or law enforcement training)", "WI residents cannot rely on an out-of-state permit — a Wisconsin license is required", "Only handguns, electric weapons and billy clubs are covered; long guns may not be carried concealed", "Open carry permitted at 18+ without a license" ], "statute": "Wisconsin Statutes § 175.60", "statuteUrl": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175/60", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://doj.state.wi.us/firearms/concealed-carry", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/wisconsin.html" }, { "name": "Wyoming", "abbr": "WY", "status": "permitless", "permitless": true, "permitName": "Wyoming Concealed Firearm Permit", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": true, "vehicleCarry": true, "vehicleNote": "Allowed without permit.", "summary": "SF 47 signed by Gov. Mead, effective July 1, 2011.", "keyPoints": [ "Permitless carry since July 1, 2011", "Permit available for out-of-state reciprocity", "Open carry broadly permitted" ], "statute": "Wyoming Statutes § 6-8-104", "statuteUrl": "https://www.wyoleg.gov/", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://www.dci.wyo.gov/concealed-firearms-permits", "lastVerified": "2025-08", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/wyoming.html" }, { "name": "District of Columbia", "abbr": "DC", "status": "restricted", "permitless": false, "permitName": "DC Concealed Carry Pistol License (CCPL)", "minAge": 21, "openCarry": false, "vehicleCarry": false, "vehicleNote": "Without a CCPL a firearm must be unloaded and neither it nor ammunition may be readily accessible from the passenger compartment.", "summary": "Concealed Carry Pistol License required from the MPD Firearms Registration Branch. Shall-issue in practice since Wrenn (no “good reason” requirement), open to residents and non-residents — but you must also REGISTER the handgun in DC, and it must appear on the District Roster. DC recognizes NO out-of-state permit. Licences are valid only 2 years.", "keyPoints": [ "CCPL from MPD; 21+, residents and non-residents, but you must hold a DC-REGISTERED handgun first", "DC honors NO out-of-state permit — carrying on one alone is a serious criminal offense", "Licence valid only 2 YEARS — the shortest term in the country", "Must carry BOTH the licence and the firearm registration, and disclose to police on any stop", "Holster carry only — off-body carry in a purse or bag is prohibited, and open carry is banned even for licensees", "Handgun must appear on the District Roster (built from California, Maryland and Massachusetts lists) to be registrable" ], "statute": "D.C. Code § 7-2509.02 (licence); § 22-4504 (carrying); § 7-2509.07 (locations)", "statuteUrl": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/7-2509.02", "issuingAgencyUrl": "https://mpdc.dc.gov/page/eligibility-requirements-concealed-carry-license", "lastVerified": "2026-09", "verified": true, "page": "https://carrymaps.com/pages/states/washington-dc.html" } ] }